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Red Queen Effect
Red Queen Effect
Red Queen Effect
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Overview

You're improving, learning, getting faster, achieving more and getting ahead? No, you're not. Because everyone else is as well. 

...

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Quae quo sunt excelsiores, eo dant clariora indicia naturae. An dolor longissimus quisque miserrimus, voluptatem non optabiliorem diuturnitas facit? Nam de summo mox, ut dixi, videbimus et ad id explicandum disputationem omnem conferemus. Etsi ea quidem, quae adhuc dixisti, quamvis ad aetatem recte isto modo dicerentur. Nam quibus rebus efficiuntur voluptates, eae non sunt in potestate sapientis. Non autem hoc: igitur ne illud quidem. Quasi vero, inquit, perpetua oratio rhetorum solum, non etiam philosophorum sit. Duo Reges: constructio interrete.

Nobis aliter videtur, recte secusne, postea; Est enim effectrix multarum et magnarum voluptatum. Habent enim et bene longam et satis litigiosam disputationem. Cur ipse Pythagoras et Aegyptum lustravit et Persarum magos adiit? Rhetorice igitur, inquam, nos mavis quam dialectice disputare?

Sic enim censent, oportunitatis esse beate vivere. Sed quod proximum fuit non vidit. Gerendus est mos, modo recte sentiat. Id est enim, de quo quaerimus. Erit enim instructus ad mortem contemnendam, ad exilium, ad ipsum etiam dolorem.

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Actionable Takeaways
  • Research your competition

You cannot become better than your competitor if you are not aware of their st ...

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Et quidem iure fortasse, sed tamen non gravissimum est testimonium multitudinis. Terram, mihi crede, ea lanx et maria deprimet. Ac tamen hic mallet non dolere. Miserum hominem! Si dolor summum malum est, dici aliter non potest. Sed quanta sit alias, nunc tantum possitne esse tanta. Experiamur igitur, inquit, etsi habet haec Stoicorum ratio difficilius quiddam et obscurius. Nunc haec primum fortasse audientis servire debemus. Quis animo aequo videt eum, quem inpure ac flagitiose putet vivere? Piso igitur hoc modo, vir optimus tuique, ut scis, amantissimus. Sic enim censent, oportunitatis esse beate vivere. Suam denique cuique naturam esse ad vivendum ducem.

Familiares nostros, credo, Sironem dicis et Philodemum, cum optimos viros, tum homines doctissimos. Huius ego nunc auctoritatem sequens idem faciam. Cur tantas regiones barbarorum pedibus obiit, tot maria transmisit? Pisone in eo gymnasio, quod Ptolomaeum vocatur, unaque nobiscum Q. Iam id ipsum absurdum, maximum malum neglegi. In quo etsi est magnus, tamen nova pleraque et perpauca de moribus.

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Limitations

Being aware of the Red Queen Effect is not enough to guarantee success. Once you have come up with a concept that is foreign to your competition, you need to make sure you can move the new product or service past the idea phase, which usually requires capital, know-how, and the willingness to take risks. 

In Practice

The evolutionary ‘arms race’. 

In the Selfish Gene, Richard Dawkins describes the “unequal cost of failure” in the evolutionary ‘arms race’. He describes the life/dinner principle captured in Aesop’s fables: “The rabbit runs faster than the fox, because the rabbit is running for his life while the fox is only running for his dinner.” There is a linked push to evolve and improve, with better adaptation in one species driving the other to make its own ‘leap forward’ to survive. 

Buffet and developments in the textile industry. 

The Farnam St Blog outlines the Red Queen Effect in some detail and includes the story of Buffett's approach to investing in the textile industry. Buffet wrote: 

“Over the years, we had the option of making large capital expenditures in the textile operation that would have allowed us to somewhat reduce variable costs. But the promised benefits from these textile investments were illusory. Many of our competitors, both domestic and foreign, were stepping up to the same kind of expenditures and, once enough companies did so, their reduced costs became the baseline for reduced prices industrywide. 

“Viewed individually, each company’s capital investment decision appeared cost-effective and rational; viewed collectively, the decisions neutralized each other and were irrational (just as happens when each person watching a parade decides he can see a little better if he stands on tiptoes). After each round of investment, all the players had more money in the game and returns remained anemic.”

Build your latticework
This model will help you to:

While the Red Queen effect arose from biology, it can be applied to competition and innovation in other domains. 

Use the following examples of connected and complementary models to weave the Red Queen effect into your broader latticework of mental models. Alternatively, discover your own connections by exploring the category list above. 

Connected models: 

  • Mutually assured destruction: the Red Queen effect can be seen as a lens to understand the cold war. 
  • Blue ocean strategy: to consider changing the game rather than running faster. 

Complementary models: 

  • Catalyst: in identifying rapid change opportunities over progressive development.
Origins & Resources

The name of this concept originated from Lewis Carroll’s famous sequel to Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, Through the Looking Glass, where Alice observes that she needs to run faster and faster just to stay in the same place; the Red Queen’s reply to Alice’s perplexity is ‘Now, here, you see, it takes all the running you can do, to keep in the same place. If you want to get somewhere else, you must run at least twice as fast as that!’

Evolutionary biologist Leigh Van Halen proposed the Red Queen hypothesis in 1973 to describe the constant race that co-evolving species engage in order to survive in a constantly changing environment populated with opposing organisms.

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